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Analysis Of Chris Mccandlessness In Into The Wild - 870 Words

Chris McCandless was a free spirit, unbound by the chains of society and an old soul who took pleasure, and fulfilled his lust for adventure, by tramping around the United States. Rather than living the normal life in civilization, Chris felt his love for nature stated when he abandons his family and lives off the land. Jon Krakauer, the author of Into the Wild wrote the book about Chris McCandless aka Alex Supertramp when he died of starvation in the Alaskan wilderness and made headlines. People around the country voiced their opinion on Chris, some believing him to be brave while others a fool. But rather than acting recklessly as the vast majority believed, Chris McCandless was actually inexperienced and unprepared for his adventure.†¦show more content†¦This only calls to attention another one of Chris’ shortcoming which was in the knowledge and inability to get a proper map of the Stampede Trail. With a map of Stampede Trail Chris would’ve been able to sur vive his adventure by either starting a big fire to alert firefighters or go some distance from the river to a cable which spanned the river to the other side where Chris could have been on the road to the highway. This could have been possible if Chris had some prior knowledge to what he was getting into and a good map, especially because Chris was in a moderately good health when he made his plan to head back to civilization. Alas it didn’t happen as Chris was unable to properly prepare for his trip because he believed he could achieve his goal to live in the wild without experience, and lacked the awareness of the land. However, Chris grew wiser as he lived in the Alaskan wilderness. He turned on his rules against killing animals when he killed the moose to feed himself. The environment allowed Chris to mature into someone who’d rather spend his time helping people over just staying away from civilization and at times, people in general. In a sense Chris embodies Ralph Waldo Emerson’s quotes from Self-Reliance, â€Å"Trust thyself: every heart vibrates to that iron string† (Emerson, Source E). Chris trusts himself when he decided to

Hospitalization And Intervention To Jay †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Hospitalization And Intervention To Jay. Answer: Introduction: In this essay, case of Jay is discussed. He is diagnosed with intussusception. Pathophysiology of intussusception is discussed. Multiple factors need to be considered for providingnursing intervention to Jay. These factors include role of growth and development theories, developmentally appropriate care, family centered care and hospitalization of Jay. Importance of family centered care and factors which need to be considered for providingnursing intervention to Jay are discussed. Points to be considered for hospitalization and provisions to be made during Jays hospitalization are discussed. Along with medical intervention, nurse need to work on the factors which can improve well-being of Jay. Pathophysiology: It mainly occurs due to the inequality in the longitudinal forces across the intestinal walls. Mass in the form of lead point and disturbed pattern of peristaltic movement are mainly responsible for imbalance in the longitudinal forces. Due to these imbalanced forces, intestine enters the lumen of the adjutant bowel. Intussusception is a pathological condition of GI tract in which there is part of intestine folds into the next section. It is mainly associated with the small bowel and in few cases with the large bowel. It results in the small bowel destruction and bowel perforation. In most common intusssception, ileum enters the cecum. In other few of the cases, ileum or jejunum enters inside itself. Most of the cases, intussusceptions can occur due to location of intussusceptum proximal to the intussuscipiens. This proximal location is mainly due to the peristaltic action of intestine which brings proximal end towards distal end. If progression is rapid, intussusceptum can enter dis tal colon, sigmoid colon and even prolapse out of the anus. Lead point mainly occurs due to projection of intestinal tissue into the bowel lumen. Lead point occurs in approximately 10 % of the cases of intussusceptions. Due to blockage of bowel, there is prevention of blood supply, which causes ischemia (Aybay et al., 2016). Gut mucosa in sensitive to the ischemia and it leads to inactivity of mucosa in the gut. It results in the occurrence of red currant jelly stool. This stool is combination of mucosa, blood, and mucus. However, this red currant jelly stool occurs in few of the children with intussusception. Hence, it can be used as a differential diagnostic tool for children with bloody stool. Due to this pathological condition of gut, there can be abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, leg pulling towards chest and moderate to severe cramping of the abdomen can occur in patients with intussusceptions (Loeffler, 2014). Jay is also exhibiting all these symptoms. Intermittent pain can occur in children with intussusception because intussuscepted bowel segment transiently stops contracting. Loop of the bowel become necrotic due to ischemia which occurs due to compression of arteries. Barium or water-soluble contrast enema or an air-contrast enema can be used as treatment of intussusception (Patcharatrakul and Rao, 2017). Earlier rotavirus was linked to the occurrence of pathology of intussusceptions, however recent studies are not indicating link between rotavirus and intussusception (Otero et al., 2017). Growth and developmental theories: Nurse should incorporate various growth and developmental theories for providingnursing care to Jay. Various theories include Pigetss theory of intellectual development and Erickson trust/mistrust stage. According to Pigetss theory of intellectual development, sensory organ and muscles become more functional. Infants produces reflexes to the alterations in the body. Nurse need to identify these reflexes. In this case nurse need to recognize drawing legs up and high-pitched crying in response to pain. It can be helpful in the early assessment and early intervention to be planned for Jay. There is no place for emotions of nurse in evaluating cognitive developmental theory in Jay. By avoiding this emotional factor, nurse can perform objective assessment in Jay. According to Erickson trust/mistrust stage children relied completely on their caregiver for fulfilling their basic need for growth and development. Children trust their parents more as compared to the nurses, hence his parents need to administer drugs to Jay. These children are completely dependent on their caregivers for food, shelter, and protection. In this stage Jay can seek help from caregivers for his diseased condition (R eimann et al., 2017). Evaluation and execution of these growth and developmental theories in Jay can provide him with effectivenursing intervention and improve his disease condition. Developmentally appropriate care: Diseased state of Jay can impact his future growth and development. It can negatively impact his physical and psychological development. Nurse should make realize his family members about its negative impact on his future development. Hence, his family members can take appropriate measures to tackle this issue. Nurse should convince his parents to improve their moral because it can be helpful in augmenting their attention towards his care. Special efforts need to be taken to provide treatment in the form of enema on regular basis. Children of his age would not be cooperating to take enema and might be afraid to take it. Hence, family members need to give more attention for using enema. This age appropriate care for Jay can improve his disease condition (Lowry-Lehnen, 2015). Family centered care: Family centered care is important aspect for providing care to children of Jays age. This is important for Jay because children like Jay can not manage their symptoms and disease condition on their own. Jays family should stand firmly behind him and take part in every aspect of his care. Nurse should consider this aspect and involve his family members in his care. Nurse should collect information related to Jay form his family members. Nurse should collect information related to health issues, eating habits and psychological behavior. Nurse should analyze collected information and prepare effective care plan for him. It can help nurse to provide nursing care in smooth manner. Family members confidence about the Jay condition can be improved by giving them assurance that proper treatment can improve his condition (Law, 2012). There should be involvement of family members of Jay in planning and delivering care to Jay. Nurse should educate Jays family members to manage pain due to intussusception. Nurse should understand his mothers feelings and should give respect to her feelings. Jays mother is worried about rotavirus vaccine because she was informed that his condition was exaggerated due to rotavirus vaccine Nurse should educate that rotavirus vaccine would not affect his condition significantly because in recent studies it is evident that rotavirus vaccine is not linked to his intussusception. Nurse should maintain their dignity and use respectful words with them. Nurse should understand strengths and weaknesses of his mother and plan nursing intervention with respect to her strengths and weaknesses. Socioeconomic and cultural aspects of his family should be considered while providing nursing intervention to Jay. Jays actual status of health should be informed to his family members and inform them about the anticipated effects after the completion of nursing intervention for intussusception (Barnsteiner et al., 2014). Children at the age of Jay can feel comfortable, if nursing intervention is provided in the presence of their family members. Considering this, nurse should provide nursing intervention to Jay in the presence of his family members. It is well established that effective communication with the family members can be helpful in providing complete nursing intervention to the children. Hence, nurse should establish effective communication with his family members because few of the aspects of the nursing intervention cannot be communicated to Jay due to his age factor. Family members need to be educated about application of enema in Jay. Through this communication, nurse can improve knowledge of family members about his disease condition and treatment to be provided. Through communication, nurse can improve participation of family members in decision making of his care and inform them about the care to be taken at home. Jays hospitalization can be reduced by providing him with family center ed care. Family centered can be helpful in improving satisfaction of Jay and his mother about the care provided (Shaul, 2014; Watson and Rodwell, 2014). Family centered care can be helpful in relieving stress of Jay and his mother. Hospitalization: Hospitalization is the significant part of children care. However, long duration hospitalizations of children can negatively affect children both physically and mentally. Comfortable environment need to be provided for Jay in the hospital. There should not be separation of Jay and his family members during his stay in the hospital. All sorts of interventions need to be provided for Jay in the presence of his family members. Children with age of Jay might feel fear of pain and become anxious during their hospitalization stay. Hence nurse need to ensure that all the care to be provided to Jay should be with minimal pain. Family members of Jay might be more worried about his hospitalization. Nurse should give them assurance that hospital is going to give freedom from his painful condition and improve his wellbeing. Nurse should assure them that he is going to be discharged from hospital immediately after his recovery (Thurston, 2014). Family members of Jay should be informed about the nursing and medical procedures and nurse should demonstrate them all the procedures. It would be helpful in reducing hospitalization stress on his family members. Nurse need to counsel his family members for his hospital admission. Nurse should provide flexibility to his family members to stay with him in hospital. Nurse should give counseling to his mother about financial issues due to hospitalization. Nurse should maintain confidentiality of Jays hospitalization. Nurse should provide suitable environment for Jay in the hospital with respect to his medical history, behavior, cultural background and socioeconomic status (Tehrani et al., 2012; Brykczynska and Simons, 2011). Nurse should consider all these aspects during hospitalization of Jay. Conclusion: Intussusception in the pathological condition of the GI tract associated with pain, vomiting and bloody stool. Disease condition can worsen due to ischemia. In this case Jay is diagnosed with intussusception. Implementation growth and development theories for nursing care of Jay can be helpful in providing holistic care to Jay. Person centered care for Jay can be helpful in improving morale his mother and relieve stress about his diseased condition. Provision of suitable hospital environment for the Jay can be helpful in his speedy recovery. References: Aybay, M.N., Erol, S., Kaya, H.E., and Guler, I. (2016). Appendix Invagination Mimicking Ileocecal Intussusception in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report. Journal of Emergency Medicine, 51(5), 589-591. Barnsteiner, J., Disch, J., and Walton, M. (2014). Person and Family Centered Care. Sigma Theta Tau. Brykczynska, G.M., and Simons, J. (2011). Ethical and Philosophical Aspects of Nursing Children and Young People. John Wiley Sons. Law, M. (2012). Family-Centred Assessment and Intervention in Pediatric Rehabilitation. Routledge. Loeffler, A.G. (2014). Introduction to Human Disease: Pathophysiology for Health Professionals. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Lowry-Lehnen, T. (2015). Theories of Human Growth and Development: Developmental Psychology. Create Space Independent Publishing Platform. Otero, J., Posa, M.R., and Kelly, M.N. (2017). Rectal Bleeding and Abdominal Pain Following Vaccination in a 4-Month-Old Infant. Case Reports in Pediatrics, 9461315. doi: 10.1155/2017/9461315. Patcharatrakul, T., and Rao, SSC. (2017). Update on the Pathophysiology and Management of Anorectal Disorders. Gut Liver. 23. doi: 10.5009/gnl17172. Reimann, M., Schilke, O., and Cook, K.S. (2017). Trust Is Heritable, Whereas Distrust Is Not. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in the United States of America, 114(27), 7007-7012. Shaul, R. Z. (2014). Paediatric Patient and Family-Centred Care: Ethical and Legal Issues. Springer Science Business. Tehrani, T. H., Haghighi, M., and Bazmamoun, H. (2012). Effects of Stress on Mothers of Hospitalized Children in a Hospital in Iran. Iranian Journal of Child Neurology, 6(4), 3945. Thurston, C. (2014). Essential Nursing Care for Children and Young People: heory, Policy and Practice. Routledge. Watson, G. and Rodwell, S. (2014). Safeguarding and Protecting Children, Young People and Families: A Guide for Nurses and Midwives. SAGE.

Millard Fillmore Essays - Millard Fillmore, Second Party System

Millard Fillmore Millard Fillmore Fillmore, Millard (1800-1874), 13th president of the United States (1850-1853) and the second vice president to finish the term of a deceased president. He succeeded Zachary Taylor at a critical moment in United States history. The Mexican War (1846-1848) had renewed the conflict between the Northern and Southern states over slavery, since it had added new territories to the United States. The debate over whether these territories should be admitted as free or slave states precipitated a crisis that threatened civil war. Much to the relief of Northern and Southern politicians, Fillmore pursued a moderate and conciliatory policy. He signed into law the Compromise of 1850, which admitted one territory as a free state and allowed slave owners to settle in the others. This compromise did not solve the basic problem of slavery but did preserve peace for nearly eleven years. During that time the North gained the industrial power that enabled it to defeat the South when civil war eventually came. Fillmore was born in upstate New York in 1800. He was the second child and eldest son in a family of nine. His parents, Nathaniel and Phoebe Millard Fillmore, had moved from Vermont to New York several years before his birth. Young Fillmore did chores on his father's farm, worked as an apprentice in the clothier's trade, and attended local schools irregularly until he was 17. Although the only books in his home were the Bible, an almanac, and a hymnbook, Fillmore managed to educate himself with the help of a village schoolteacher, Abigail Powers. When he was 19, Fillmore began to study law with Judge Walter Wood of Cayuga County. He supported himself by teaching school. When his family moved to East Aurora, near Buffalo, New York, Fillmore continued his study of law and his teaching. In 1823 he opened a law office in East Aurora. Three years later he married Abigail Powers. The couple had two children, Mary Abigail and Millard Powers. In the early years of their marriage, Mrs. Fillmore continued to teach school and to help her husband with his law studies. In 1826, the year Fillmore was married, an incident in western New York set him on the road to the presidency. When William Morgan, a former member of the Masonic fraternal order who had written a book that claimed to expose the order's secrets, disappeared, the rumor spread that he had been murdered by avenging Masons. Thurlow Weed, a newspaper publisher and politician, seized on the incident to arouse public feeling against all secret organizations and helped to organize the Anti-Masonic Party. Meanwhile, Millard Fillmore had been winning respect and popularity in East Aurora. People admired his professional ethics, temperate habits, careful speech and dress, and good looks. These qualities caught the attention of the Anti-Masonic politicians, who were looking for vote-winning candidates. In 1828, Weed and his group ran Fillmore for a seat in the New York state legislature, and he was elected. Four years later, again with Weed's backing, Fillmore was elected to the House of Representatives in the Congress of the United States. When the Anti-Masonic Party merged with the new Whig Party in the mid-1830s, Fillmore became a Whig. In Congress he was a strong supporter of Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky, the leader of the Whigs. The two men agreed that compromise on the slavery issue was necessary to preserve peace between the North and South. In the important position of chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee, Fillmore took a leading part in framing the protective tariff (tax on imports) of 1842. The tariff raised rates to about the high level of the tariff of 1833. That tariff was opposed by the South and had provoked the state of South Carolina to pass its Ordinance of Nullification, declaring the tariff void within its borders. Fillmore did not run for reelection in 1842. He hoped for the vice presidential nomination on Clay's Whig presidential ticket, but the party's national convention of 1844 gave that spot to Theodore Frelinghuysen of New Jersey. Fillmore then accepted the Whig nomination for governor of New York. In the election, however, Fillmore was beaten by his Democratic Party opponent, Silas Wright, and Clay lost the decisive New York vote. The Whigs nominated Fillmore for state comptroller in 1847. This office was second in power after the governor's and supervised public finances and superintended the banks. Fillmore defeated his Democratic opponent by 30,000 votes, the largest margin ever gained by any Whig over a Democrat in New York. The victory established Fillmore as a vote getter and put him

Free Essays on Why Being an Architect Fits Me

Why being an Architect fits me My strengths and interest are in design, creativity and imagery but I feel I am also good at problem solving. If I had to pick a career I’d choose Architecture because it utilizes more of my strengths than weaknesses. My career goal is to earn a good salary and enjoy how I spend the time earning it. I would enjoy Architecture because I would express myself creatively, building whatever I can imagine. I hope to get the education and experience to fit the job description. Requirements for being an Architect Form business and operational strategy guiding overall studio efforts. Motivate and inspire team leaders and members to achieve success. Create, maintain and promote clear and concise mission for studio. Build and promote a culture that is unique to studio and that follows overall firm culture. Measure and show results of processes and performance on a regular basis. Formulate new/build on existing processes and ideas to achieve desired results. Lead in the marketing efforts of studio and consistently seek out new opportunities. Responsible for maintaining and monitoring studio standards and quality control procedures. Responsible for setting overall project schedules, recruiting and maintaining staff which includes coordinating annual salary and employee reviews. Responsible for maintaining an approved list of outside consultants. Serves as consultant on master plan projects. QUALIFICATIONS To perform this job successfully, an individual must be able to perform each essential duty satisfactorily. The requirements listed below are representative of the knowledge, skill, and/or ability required. Reasonable accommodations may be made to enable individuals with disabilities to perform the essential functions. Travel is required. EDUCATION and/or EXPERIENCE A professional degree from an accredited school of architecture. Must be registered with a minimum of 12 years project... Free Essays on Why Being an Architect Fits Me Free Essays on Why Being an Architect Fits Me Why being an Architect fits me My strengths and interest are in design, creativity and imagery but I feel I am also good at problem solving. If I had to pick a career I’d choose Architecture because it utilizes more of my strengths than weaknesses. My career goal is to earn a good salary and enjoy how I spend the time earning it. I would enjoy Architecture because I would express myself creatively, building whatever I can imagine. I hope to get the education and experience to fit the job description. Requirements for being an Architect Form business and operational strategy guiding overall studio efforts. Motivate and inspire team leaders and members to achieve success. Create, maintain and promote clear and concise mission for studio. Build and promote a culture that is unique to studio and that follows overall firm culture. Measure and show results of processes and performance on a regular basis. Formulate new/build on existing processes and ideas to achieve desired results. Lead in the marketing efforts of studio and consistently seek out new opportunities. Responsible for maintaining and monitoring studio standards and quality control procedures. Responsible for setting overall project schedules, recruiting and maintaining staff which includes coordinating annual salary and employee reviews. Responsible for maintaining an approved list of outside consultants. Serves as consultant on master plan projects. QUALIFICATIONS To perform this job successfully, an individual must be able to perform each essential duty satisfactorily. The requirements listed below are representative of the knowledge, skill, and/or ability required. Reasonable accommodations may be made to enable individuals with disabilities to perform the essential functions. Travel is required. EDUCATION and/or EXPERIENCE A professional degree from an accredited school of architecture. Must be registered with a minimum of 12 years project...

Andromeda Was a Legendary Princess in Greek Mythology

Andromeda Was a Legendary Princess in Greek Mythology Today we know of Andromeda as a galaxy, as the Andromeda Nebula, or as the Andromeda constellation located near the Pegasus constellation. There are also movies/TV programs bearing the name of this ancient princess. In the context of ancient history, she is a princess featured in the heroic Greek legends. Who Was Andromeda? Andromeda had the misfortune to be the daughter of the vain Cassiopeia, wife of King Cepheus of Ethiopia. As a result of Cassiopeias boast that she was as beautiful as the Nereids (sea nymphs), Poseidon (sea god) sent a great sea monster to ravage the coastline. An oracle told the king that the only way to get rid of the sea monster was to surrender his virgin daughter Andromeda to the sea monster; so he did, much as happened in the Roman story of Cupid and Psyche. King Cepheus chained Andromeda to a rock in the sea where the hero saw her. Perseus was still wearing the winged sandals of Hermes that he had used in the task of carefully decapitating Medusa while watching what he was doing only through a mirror. He asked what had happened to Andromeda, then when he heard, he promptly offered to rescue her by killing the sea monster, but on condition that her parents give her to him in marriage. With her safety uppermost in their minds, they instantly agreed. And so Perseus slew the monster, unchained the princess and brought Andromeda back to her many-relieved parents. The Wedding of Andromeda and Perseus Afterward, however, during wedding preparations, the happy celebrating proved premature. Andromedas fiance the one from before her enchaining, Phineus, showed up demanding his bride. Perseus argued that the surrender-to-her-death had invalidated the contract (and if he had really wanted her, why hadnt he slain the monster?). Then since his non-violent technique failed to persuade Phineus to gracefully bow out, Perseus pulled out the head of Medusa to show his rival. Perseus knew better than to watch what he was doing, but his rival didnt, and so, like many others, Phineus was instantly lithified. Perseus would go on to found Mycenae where Andromeda would be queen, but first, she gave birth to their first son Perses, who stayed behind to rule when his grandfather died. (Perses is considered the eponymous father of the Persians.) Perseus and Andromedas children were sons, Perses, Alcaeus, Sthenelus, Heleus, Mestor, Electryon, and a daughter, Gorgophone. After her death, Andromeda was placed among the stars as the Andromeda constellation. The monster who was sent to ravage Ethiopia was also turned into a constellation, Cetus. Pronunciation: Ã ¦n.dra.mÉ ª.dÉ™ Examples: Andromeda was the name of a TV series by Gene Roddenberry, starring Kevin Sorbo, the actor who played Hercules in the TV series. This is interesting because Andromeda was Hercules great grandmother.

African American History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

African American History - Essay Example After the founding of the United Nations, a formal ban on racial discrimination set the stage for the Civil Rights Movement. This paved the way for political opportunities and served to expose racism in America on the international scene. It was Du Bois and others who helped to frame a 150-page petition detailing racial discrimination in America that stated â€Å"Peoples of the World,† we American Negroes appeal to you; our treatment in America is not merely an internal question of the United States. It is a basic problem of humanity.† In 1928, during the sixth World Congress involving the COMINTERN, Kelly stated that they â€Å"insisted that Blacks concentrated in the black belt counties of the Deep South, constituted an oppressed nation.† (Robin D. G. Kelley) They were given no voting rights and suffered from oppression, exploitation, violence, segregation and racial discrimination. This became popularly known as the â€Å"Jim Crow† system and took place from the 1950’s to the 1960’s. Some of the leaders of the Civil Rights Movement were Martin Luther King Jr., W.E. Du Bois, Malcolm X and Rosa Parks. All these leaders were key figures in fighting and bringing about a radical change not only on civil rights but also dealt with the fundamentals of gaining freedom, dignity, respect and equality in the socio – economic sphere. After the 1960’s, the Civil Rights Movement picked up the heat. Student activists from the non–violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) took Pat in Freedom Rides.

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 12

Leadership - Essay Example These situational theories are highly dependent upon factors like the particular situation, task, people, environmental variables and organization. Fiedler had proposed a situational theory, which proposed that there is no singular way of handling particular situation (Davidson and Omar 1352-1706).The different leadership approaches adopted by the managers at varied situations have different impact on the employee morale and performance (Dong and Liu 1352-1706). When a leader adopts autocratic approach, there is negative impact on the employees’ performance and outcome. When a leader adopts transformational and goal setting leadership, there is an increase in the employee performance and morale. Although, there is no singular leadership theory, which would help to increase the organizational outcome, moral and performance of the employees, yet the management of the organization needs to focus on application of several leadership theories. A distinction should be made between the task and relationship oriented managers. Task oriented managers lay emphasis on the tasks in hand, than on the enhancement of the leader member relationship (Fish 1352-1760). These kind of managers focus on the organizational structure, task delegated to the members and the position and power of the employees. It has been observed that the employee performance and morale increased with the motivation received from the managers. The employee morale and performance is also dependent on the way the manager conducts themselves and motivate the employees of the organization. The organizational outcome is also directly related and proportional to the motivation and the guidance of the leaders (Fontaine 125-135). The development plan would be to implement leadership program, which would highlight the basic leadership approaches like transformational, goal setting theories, which Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 37 Leadership - Essay Example The chosen leaders need to have enough knowledge on the forms of leadership that will foster student learning and teachers’ cooperation. This paper seeks to discuss key characteristics reflected in teacher leadership that positive impact on teachers. Theory of leadership is a fundamental characteristic of teacher leaders. The concept of leadership is a vital organ when it comes to development of effective leadership. The fundamental distinctions of leadership models are providing direction and exercising influence. The different ways employed in carrying out or executing these functions is what makes a leadership theory (Wilmore, 2007). Capturing the attention of school personnel is an important aspect in leadership. The above is a significant characteristic factor that contributes greatly to positive teacher leadership. In most institutions, students and teachers are found to posses low attention to initiatives from the leaders. In effecting leadership, such leaders should be able to capture the attention of these teachers and students in a variety of ways. The leaders can engage in using formative and summative student assessments aligned along the new standards (Wilmore, 2007). The leaders should develop capacity building. As much as assessment captures teachers and students attention, must a robust response to the dilemmas and conflicts created in order to generate productive change. Effective response is brought through development of a strong, in-house, systematically aligned, professional development strategies (Wilmore, 2007). The leaders should create and develop a sustained competitive edge in their jurisdictions. When the leaders create competitive but interactive forums among the teachers and the students, they will be able to sensitize on the positive impacts of their leaderships. Positive creation of competition facilitates empowerment of the teachers towards performing their tasks. Empowerment fosters accountability

How to make pottery Essay Example for Free

How to make pottery Essay Not all clays are suitable for molding and firing. The clay must not have the kind of impurities that would cause the body to wrap or crack under heat. It must be moldable, and must retain the shape when it is dry. An area where suitable clay is found often becomes the site of a pottery. By the traditional method, after the clay is dug up it is left exposed to the weather for at least a year, to permit it to disintegrate. Then it is turned over and left another year. In modern commercial practice clay is disintegrate by machine, without aging. It is then sifted and dried. This essay scrutinizes on how to make pottery. Forming the Object. There are six method of forming dishes and containers from clay of the right consistency to be modeled. They are known commercially as soft-mud processes. These are the pinching, slab construction, coiling, throwing, pressing, and jiggering. Figurines or sculptures made in the round must be hollow, because a very thick piece of clay is apt to blow up in the kiln. Pinching, slab construction, and coiling methods may be used for forming all or part of a sculpture. If the piece is modeled by building it up out of solid clay, it must be hollowed out. If the cavity is then closed with a clay wall, one or more tiny air holes are needed to accommodate air expansion on the inside of the piece when it is fired. When a clay piece has dried until the body is stiff but still most (a state called â€Å"leather hard† or â€Å"cheese hard†), some final shaping may be done by turning, another mechanical process such as of turning. Firing. During firing the clay body changes in its physical properties. Each body mixture reacts differently to heat, so temperatures may vary widely from those given here. During the early part of firing, water, carbon, and organic matter burn out of the body, leaves pores in the structure of the clay. At about 1, 7500 F vitrification begins; that is, the flux in the clay starts melting and gradually mixing with the silicates, filling the pores with glass. Glazing. The degree of heat required to melt the glaze and fuse it to the body depends on the relationship of the components. The biscuit firing of fine wares is generally at low heat, and the glost (glaze) firing is at a temperature required for final vitrification of the ware as well as fusion of the glaze. It is possible, however, to fire the biscuit ware to its highest required temperature and to apply a glaze that will fuse at a much lower heat. Decorating. A clay piece may be decorated by adding molded clay to the surface in a relief treatment; by pressing or cutting incised designs into it; or by painting the design with enamel (opaque glaze0, slip, or special pigments. Moreover, decoration is sometimes applied before the piece is glazed. Such underglaze color, however, is confined to pigments that can withstand the relatively high heat of the glost firing. As a conclusion, pottery is an object made of clay and hardened by heat. The object may range from building brick and drainage tile to fine dinnerware, vases, and figurines. In the broadest sense, pottery may mean all these clay products.

Photojournalism is Subjective NOT Objective Essay examples -- Photogra

Photojournalism has long been considered to have a tradition of reflecting the truth. It has been a major element in newspaper and magazine reporting since the early 20th century. It was probably only about a century ago when people believed that what they saw in photographs was factual. This impact of visual image as seen by the viewer was based on the old belief that "the camera never lies". Wheeler says that photojournalism has "acquired a special standing in the public mind, a confidence that photo can reflect reality in a uniquely compelling and credible way." (Wheeler T, 2002, p. 3) This acquisition is formed by a creation of a powerful picture, which is the combination of both truthfulness and visual impact. "In general, photojournalism is defined as a descriptive term for reporting visual information through various media such as newspapers and magazines." (Newton J, 2001, p. 3) The mid-20th century saw the rise in photojournalism. As Wheeler (Wheeler T, 2002, p. 3) mentioned , "by World War II, America had become a certifiably visual, predominantly photographic culture." Photography is a form of visual representation of events to the public. It is traditionally defined as ‘writing with light'. Photography was more than factual recording of truthful observation. It could be an expression of emotional reaction to life. Although photography has always been thought of as the capturing and the reflection of truth, the discussion of ‘manipulated photography' is often brought up. However, before any debate of manipulated photography, one must begin with the "recognition that photography itself is an inherent manipulation." (Wheeler T, 2002) Ever since its beginnings, photography is subjective, it is not absolute reality and... ... impact of a photo illustration on an audience is far more powerful than a description through words. "Modern imaging technologies have given us new and powerful ways of handling photographs." (Ang T, 2000) Professional journalists have altered mass-mediated photos for reasons from tabloid sensationalism to political correctness. This is due to the fact that they believe the alterations are obvious enough to be instantly recognisable or so minor as to be ethically insignificant. Whatever the case is, the misuse of imaging technologies causes photo illustrations to loss its credibility and objectivity, thus destroying the status of photojournalism. As emphasised earlier, photography itself is a manipulation from its beginnings, this process of manipulation is further enhanced by imaging technologies. Hence, photojournalism cannot be claimed to be neutral and objective.

Describe the characteristics valued

Even today security Is a big Issue to us and still likely to continue this way, but progresses are happening all the time. Employers will assume that you would know about these important areas. But they wont always expect you to know everything, but it is important that you have some knowledge about the main issues. If you are interested in a certain area, you will need to do as much research as you can! Also you will need to develop your skills and knowledge in that certain area. Working procedures It's very good to have some knowledge of typical practices In the IT Industry.This Is cause of the legislation that Is Included In IT at the moment. Things Like data protection and copyright laws are a part of this. Employers have to make sure they are not breaking any laws, this means they will need their employees to always be aware of what they are doing and the responsibilities they have in these areas. Health and safety knowledge Employers will expect you to have some knowledge In th e health and safety area. This Is essential as the employers will expect you to be aware of the risks and the responsibilities you have. For example you might get eye strain from looking at the imputer screen for a long time.How to stop this from happening is to adjust the monitor at eye level and put it somewhere so there is no reflections coming of the monitor. General Skills Interpersonal Skills In your job, it is most likely that you will be communicating and working with other people. So this will mean that you will need to have good communication skills. This is what most employers look for. Both IT professionals and IT users may be limited to their knowledge of technical areas in IT. Numeric Skills What kind of job role you have will depend on the level of numeric skills you need. These days, nearly every Job role requires basic innumeracy skills.You will need to be able to carry out day to day mathematical calculations like working out percentages and basic sums. Other areas of IT like programming will require a higher form of mathematical ability. Creativity The type of job you do will depend on how creative you are. For example the employees that work in web design and desktop publishing will be known to be creative in that area as they can come up with lots of unique Ideas to make the web For example you can Just be creative by coming up with ideas for new products or even improving old products or services.Organization skills It is very helpful if you are an organized person. This is because you will need to be able to do work tasks efficiently. For example the Job that you have been set to do will mean that you need to have the right equipment and information for the Job. This could be going from having something to write with and remembering client's names or businesses that you might have to visit. Also to look professional it's very good to be organized. Most employers don't like it if you come in and say ‘l forgot it' or ‘l left it t home' as its very UN-organized and makes you look unprofessional.Attitudes preferred Determined Your Job can sometimes become very hard and might stress you out a lot but there is always a way to overcome this problem and that is to be determined. A lot of employees who tend to give up easily on work will never impress their employers because it shows them being very UN-professional. But the other employees who have determination to get things done and who want to succeed will look much more professional and will impress their employers. IndependentThe first Job you have in IT probably will be with other people instead of you being by yourself. But this doesn't mean you can't be independent. Your employer will be expected for you to develop your own ability to work by yourself and to use your own initiative than waiting for other people to give you instructions on what to do. Integrity Your employer will want someone who they can trust. So being honest to everyone and not going m aking up things is important. Your employer will also expect you to work as you normally would if not better for when your supervisor isn't there.Also there could be expensive equipment which means you have to make sure you look after it. Leadership Throughout your Job role and the time you have worked in the business, your employer will always look out for any leadership skills you have in you. For example if you have good leadership skills then you can work well with others and help to inspire and encourage them to get on with work and push through it, or even help them! Good leaders are good when it comes down to organizing and planning things and are not afraid to take control of it all.

Knowledge About Ionising Radiation Among Dentists

Introduction: Dental radiography has evolved over the last decade. The evolution began with the introduction of new changes to the operations of dental radiology. Some examples of these changes include new machines, smaller beam sizes, increased filtration, advanced techniques, faster film speeds and large increases in utilization (White, 1992, 118-26). However, concerns do remain about the possible adverse effects of dental radiography on humans for several reasons: firstly, these procedures remain the only common type of diagnostic radiography capable of being performed without intensifying screens, requiring concomitantly higher doses. Secondly, the targets to film distance are short. The third reason is the emitted rays are in near to sensitive organs in the head and neck region. These examinations are among the most common diagnostic radiographic procedures performed today. Based on these examinations, previous studies have concluded an increased risk for salivary gland, thyroid, and brain tumors (UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, 2000, Vol.1). Literature Review According to UNSCEAR 2000 Report (European Union, 1997, 22), dental radiography is one of the most frequent types of radiological procedures. Although the exposure associated with dental radiography is relatively low, any radiological procedure should be justi?ed and optimized in order to keep the radiation risk as low as reasonably achievable (Radiation Protection 136). Dose assessment is recommended to be performed on a regular basis to ensure that patient exposure is always kept within the recommended levels and to identify possible equipment malfunction or inadequate technique (Alme’n, Mattsson, 1996, 81-89). With comparison to adults, children have been found to be more radiosensitive (International Commission on Radiological Protection, 1991, Publication 60). Therefore, increased attention is recommended in supervising children to minimize the medical radiation exposure to children. All radiological procedures carried out on children must adapt to special radiation prote ction measures, which aims at recognizing and implementing possible dose reduction strategies in order to eliminate unnecessary and therefore un-justi?ed radiation exposure.It is the responsibility of the health care professional to provide firsthand knowledge to the patients undergoing all radiological procedures and processes. The dentist can answer queries of any patient with regard to radiation hazards, which can be reliable provided their knowledge is adequate and up-to-date. The knowledge related to radiation is taught during undergraduate training in medical colleges. However, dentists grossly underestimated the proper risk regarding proper use of medical imaging tools and their associated radiation risks (International Commission on Radiological Protetion, 1991, Publication 60). On the other hand, the incorrect information about its safety and effectiveness, is made and promoted by some dentists who are paid and sponsored by the manufacturers of these devices to lecture a nd give seminars promoting their products. The conflict of interest does add extra concern about the safety of these products. OBJECTIVES & METHODSThe objectives of the study will be to:Assesses dentist’s knowledge about ionizing radiations and their hazard on the patient. Identify the level of understanding regarding use of ionizing equipment’s among dentist. METHODS: The research will assess the ionizing radiations knowledge, risk and awareness among dentists in Australia and Jordan. The approach to this assessment will use a survey that will be distributed to 300 dentists. These are some of the questions that I will be asking the dentists: 1-Name (optional) 2- Sex 3- Age 4- Dental school 5- Year graduated 6- Residency 7- Experience 8- Risks associated with ionizing radiation on human tissue 9- Methods of mitigating or preventing ionization radiation during practice 10- Best practices associated with ionizing radiation HYPOTHESIS The null hypothesis or my expected outcome of the survey results is that of the better hospitals, or the institution of allied health care that provide ionization radiation during practice to have dentists that understand the risks better than other doctors. The other doctors are understood to be in practice in less stellar institutions of allied healthcare. The alternative hypothesis is that doctors at the stellar institutions as well as doctors at the lesser institutions are unaware of the risks associated with ionizing radiation. References White SC. assessment of radiation risk from dental radiography. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 1992;21(3):118-26. United Nations Scienti?c Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. Sources and effect of ionizing radiation. Report Vol. 1 UNSCEAR publications (2000). European Union. Council Directive 97/43 Euratom, on health protection of individuals against the dangers of ionizing radiation in relation to medical exposures, and repealing Directive 84/466 Euratom. Off. J. Eur. Commun. L180, 22 (1997). Radiation protection 136. European Guidelines on radiation protection in dental radiology: The safe use of radiographs in dental radiology. European Commission publications. Alme?n, A. and Mattsson, S. On the calculation of effective dose to children and adolescents. J. Radiol. Prot. 16(2), 81–89 (1996). International Commission on Radiological Protection. 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. ICRP Publication 60. (Oxford: Pergamon Press) (1991).

Power is Everywhere Michael Foucault Essays

Power is Everywhere Michael Foucault Essays Power is Everywhere Michael Foucault Paper Power is Everywhere Michael Foucault Paper Essay Topic: Discipline and Punish the Birth Of the Prison Sociology Michael Foucault (1926 1984) is widely held to be one of the most influential philosophers of the second half of the twentieth century. He achieved this status by offering an alternative currency to the existing liberal and Marxist theories as well as the linguists-based structuralism of some of his contemporaries. His currency was that of power. In 1979 he asserted that Power is everywhere: not because it embraces everything, but because it comes from everywhere. Power is not an institution, nor a structure, nor a possession. It is the name we give to a complex strategic situation in a particular society.1 Foucault set out the reasoning behind his work on power in The History of Sexuality he remarks that, ... while the human subject is placed in relations of production and of signification, he is equally placed in power relations that are very complex. Now, it seemed to me that economic history and theory provided a good instrument for relations of production and that linguistics and semiotics offered instruments for studying relations of signification, but for power relations we had no tools of study.2 Clearly he felt that the Marxist and structuralist analysis were inadequate and incomplete as a theoretical tool for the areas of life he wanted to examine. He explained further I have been led to address the question of power only to the extent that the political (juridical) analysis of power, which was offered, did not seem to me to account for the finer, more detailed phenomena I wish to evoke when I pose the question of telling the truth about oneself. If I tell the truth about myself, as I am now doing, it is in part that I am constituted as a subject across a number of power relations which are exerted over me and which I exert over others.3 Of the opposing theories it was perhaps Marxism that had the most to lose from Foucaults approach. Whilst Foucault was clearly a key figure in philosophical terms his work has had its detractors. A coherent all-embracing critique is made more difficult by his works somewhat fragmentary character which encompasses a variety of apparently disparate topics.4 Despite this Foucault certainly succeeded in generating a good deal of criticism and controversy particularly following the publication of Discipline and Punish in 1975 (and translated into English in 1977) He seeks to strengthen his standpoint by describing himself as a historian rather than a philosopher and certainly sought to avoid being seen as a political theorist, arguing that his theories are more verifiable as a result. Although as McNay points out historians have rejected Foucaults work for being too philosophical, philosophers for its lack of formal rigour and sociologists for its literary or poetic quality5 It is also true to say that before attempting a critique of his work we should really focus on one given period within the overall corpus. His work travels a great distance from the earliest Mental Illness and Psychology to the later contributions that increasingly saw him making direct interventions into contemporary issues like the death penalty, abortion rights and the Iranian Revolution. For the purposes of this essay Discipline and Punishment and The History of Sexuality can be viewed as the most important when considering whether power is indeed everywhere. In the books Discipline and Punish and The History of Sexuality the expression of the relationship between power and knowledge were examined, which led to studies concerned with the various historical relations between forms of knowledge, and forms of the exercise of power. The overall analysis was a conscious continuation of the work of Nietzsche, who implied that knowledge was associated with the networks of power, that power produced knowledge, that power and knowledge directly implied one another or went together. Foucaults analysis of power implies that it, in itself makes a person who they are. The analysis sums up how it is exercised and by what means. It simply runs through the social body like a network, it produces knowledge, certain gestures and desires and therefore gives us our identities and constitutes us as individuals. Foucault on Power As is stated elsewhere in this essay Foucaults theories relating to power did evolve somewhat during the period he was addressing but it would be useful at this point to look at some of his key power related concepts. Concepts that underline his break from the prevailing Marxist and Liberal philosophies. Here we consider some of the more important concepts. In an interview with Gilles Deleuze in 1972, Foucault said: Its the great unknown at present: who exercises power? And where does he exercise it? Nowadays we know more or less who exploits, where the profit goes, into whose hands it goes and where it is reinvested. But powerwe know very well that it is not those who govern who hold the power. But the notion of ruling class is neither very clear nor very highly developed.6 Here Foucault clearly distances himself from the Marxist perspective that would argue that power is used by the ruling class to govern in their own interests. In all Foucaults theories he attempts to demonstrate that power is everywhere, as Pierre Boncenne puts it in the fibers of our bodies, that everything is reduced down to power. 7 During the interview with Pierre Boncenne in 1978, Foucault was challenged to comment on the notion that whereas the Marxists had reduced everything down to economics he could be criticized for a similar one track approach, this time based on with power. He replied drawing on his work on prisons, Thats an important question for me; power is the problem that has to be resolved. Take an example like the prisons. I want to study the way in which people set about using- and late on in history- imprisonment, rather than banishment or torture, as a punitive method In reality, when we examine how, in the late eighteenth century, it was decided to choose imprisonment as the essential mode of punishment, one sees that is was after all a long elaboration of various techniques that made it possible to locate people, to fix them in precise places In short, it was a form of dressage, thus we see the appearance of garrisons of a type that didnt exist before the end of the seventeenth century; we see the appearance of great workshops, employing hundreds of workers. What developed then, was a whole technique of management.8 He goes onto explain how power relations were exercised. Relationships in society, activities, obedience, goals, and communication all in relation to power. How we value one another and our levels of knowledge. He claims that one should look at power relations as opposed to power itself. Power exists only when it is used. When it is exercised by some on others. Violence is also a relation to power. It can control, dominate, it bends, breaks and destroys, when put into use.9 Unsurprisingly one of Foucault key concepts set out in his book Discipline and Punish is Discipline. For him Discipline may be identified neither with an institution nor with an apparatus; it is a type of power, a modality for its exercise, comprising a whole set of instruments, techniques, procedures, levels of application, targets; it is a physics or an anatomy of power, a technology.10 Discipline is one of the ways that Power can be exercised. He looks at its use within the apparatuses like education, military, medical, industrial and within institutions like prisons and asylums. He refers to it in the context of the disciplinary society. The formation of the disciplinary society is connected with a number of broad historical processes- economic, juridico-political, and lastly, scientific- of which it forms part.11 Setting it a historical context Foucault links the development of the prevailing form of discipline arose from the growth of a capitalist economy that he argues gave rise to the specific modality of disciplinary power, whose general formulas, techniques of submitting forces and bodies, in short, political anatomy, could be operated in the most diverse political regimes, apparatuses and institutions12 Foucault refers to what he calls Panopticism (a term based on a design for a prison produced by Jeremy Bentham in the late eighteenth century. The cells of the prison were grouped around a central viewing tower which Foucault saw as a metaphor for how power and more specifically surveillance works in post modern society and a prime example of the technology of power). The Panoptic on was neither operated by the juridico-political structures nor was it entirely independent of it. Compare this with clarity of the Althusserian ideological superstructure and its direct type of relationship with the economic base. In a representative democracy the representative regime makes it possible, directly or indirectly, with or without relays, for the will of all to form the fundamental authority of sovereignty, the disciplines provide, at the base, a guarantee of the submission of forces and bodies.13 In Discipline and Punish, Foucault claims that the power of normalisation is exercised by our social mechanisms to gain health, knowledge and comfort. We must cease once and for all to describe the effects of power in negative terms: it excludes, it represses, it censors, it abstracts, it masks, it conceals. In fact, power produces: reality; it produces domains of objects and rituals of truth. The individual and the knowledge that may be gained of him belong to this production.14 This normalization is summed up by McNay as a kind of trade of between Government and individual. In Foucaults words, individuals are supplied with a little extra life while the government is supplied with a little extra strength.15 The fact that individuals were resistant to the process of normalization was also an important part of the overall theory. The theory of governmentpermits Foucault to explain how individuals are always resistant to complete incorporation within the normalizing process of subjectification. The idea of the government of individualization denotes, therefore, both the way in which norms are imposed on forms of individuality and the multiplicity of ways in which individuals exceed such constraints16 The full title of his 1975 work (Translated into English in 1977 ) was, in English, Discipline Punish: The Birth of the Prison. The book largely concerned itself with the role and mechanisms within modern western societies penal systems. For Foucault a Prison was a form of the disciplines referred to earlier. It was an institution that alongside military barracks, asylums, schools, hospitals etc. It was a technology of power. Foucault identified from history three distinct ways of organizing the power to punish. Firstly, the most violent was Penal Torture. This was a technology of power that was used as sovereign power. As Smart puts it The punishment was extremely spectacular, violent and ritualistic. Penal torture charted a set of techniques for inflicting pain, injury and in some cases, death! Torture also was used as a means of extracting a confession from the criminal during investigation. The relations of power and truth in the form of penal torture were articulated on the body. Many of these punishments were put into force to make an example of. Even the minor of offences would be punished. Also to encourage gathering crowds to take part by insulting and attacking the criminal.17 Foucault begins his seminal work with a gruesome description of the execution of Damiens, the would be assassin of Louis XV. It turned out to be the last of these most appalling styles of execution drawn and quartered that was reserved for Regicides. Secondly, he identified humanitarian reform that comes as a reaction to the ineffectiveness of the torture based punishments. During the course of the eighteenth century, reformers began to criticise the amount of violence associated with penal torture. Public executions were deemed non-affective in deterring crime so another form of punishment was needed. The reformers desired a more humane and lenient form of punishment. Foucault stated that there was just a different termed tendency towards a more finely tuned justice.18 Finally there was Penal Incarceration the form of punishment that prevailed during the time of his writing. Turning to Foucaults studies on the history of sexuality he seeks to set out the evolution of attitude from the Victorian era to the modern day. It is true that in Victorian times, sex and sexuality was hardly spoken of, there was all pervading prudery and the whole subject of sex was taboo. For Foucault a power of repression was behind the Victorian treatment. It was kept contained within the domestic four walls an unspoken phenomenon. This is where concept of pastoral power comes in. Foucault believed that throughout the ages we as individuals have changed and evolved in the way we see ourselves and others. Christianity plays a role in this. Pastoral power exercises a major influence over our lives. It defines modern societies and economic relations throughout social life. It consists of a set of techniques, rationalities and practices that guide and inform our behaviour. Another concept related to Sexuality was bio-power i.e. power over birth, death and reproduction. The emergence, the expansion and consolidation of bio-power was an element in the development of capitalism. When asked in an interview conducted by Pierre Boncenne, whether Foucault wanted to show that it was more useful for power to admit sex than forbid it? He replied All Western Catholics have been obliged to admit their sexuality, their sins against the flesh and all their sins in this area, committed in thought or indeed, one can hardly say that the discourse on sexuality has been simply prohibited or repressed I think that once again we are confronted by a phenomenon of exclusive valorisation of a theme: power must be repressive; since power is bad, it can only be negative, etc. In these circumstances, to speak of ones sexuality would necessarily be liberation. However, it seemed to me, that it was much more complicated than that19 The idea of repressed sex isnt therefore, just a theoretical matter. To say that sex is not repressed, or the relations between sex and power isnt categorised by repression, is a platform for a well-accepted argument. Power lays down the laws by which sex functions and by which its workings are to be interpreted. It operates on the individual subject and his sex through his very acquisition of language; language is the means by which the individual is initiated into society; as he acquires it he encounters the law. The law tells him what he desires by forbidding it. The pure form of power is that of the legislator; its relation to sex is of a juridical-discursive type. Power operates on sex in the same way at all levels.20 Of course Foucaults concept of power knowledge reminds us of Bacons assertion that Knowledge is Power. Though Foucault distances himself from this association. Power Knowledge is a mechanism that is concerned with the gathering and collation of information about an individual. He argues that there is a relationship between power and knowledge but that they were not the same. The power of the government etc. A governing body who dictates the state of our lives by only allowing certain housing, funds and living for certain classes. Foucault stresses in many statements that power and knowledge go hand in hand. Going over the struggles of exercising power, the question is clear that looking at the knowledge part of it, would they not have to have the knowledge to gain the power?21 Foucault was asked in an interview by Bernard-Henri Levy. Should we now think that power must be viewed as a form of war? One thing seems certain to me: it is that the moment we have, for analysing the relations of power, only two models a) the one proposed by law (power as law, interdiction and institutions) and b) the military or strategic model in terms of power relations.22 In an interview with Bernard Henri Levy, Foucault states that he is certain of one thing: For the moment we have, for analyzing the relations of power, only two models: a) the one proposed by law (power as law, interdiction, institutions) and b) the military or strategic model in terms of power relations. The first one has been much used and its inadequacy has, I believe, been demonstrated: we know very well that law does not describe power. The other model is also much discussed, I know. But we stop with words; we use ready-made ideas or metaphors the war of all against all, the struggle for life or again formal schemata.23 In his claims that power is everywhere, Foucault also claims that spatial relations play an essential role in the exercise of power. In an interview conducted by Paul Rabinow, Foucault was asked how the technology of power opposed to discipline; did space play a central role? Space is a fundamental in any form of communal life; space is fundamental in any exercise of power. To make a parenthical remark, I recall having been invited, in 1966, by a group of architect to do a study of space, of something that I called at that time heterotopias, those singular spaces to be found in some given social spaces whose functions are different or even the opposite of others. The architects worked on this, and at the end of the study someone spoke up-a Sartrean psychologist- who firebombed me saying that space is reactionary and capitalist, but history and becoming are revolutionary.24 The question that followed asked if Foucaults concerns were more on space than architecture, and that the physical walls were only one aspect of the institute. He was then asked to explain the difference between the architecture and space? To which he replied that architecture was an element of space that performed the functions of allocation and canalization.

How Remote Employees Stay Focused And Get Organized With Nathan Hirsch

How Remote Employees Stay Focused And Get Organized With Nathan Hirsch How long is your commute to work? Maybe 15 minutes or more, depending on traffic, weather, and other factors? Some marketers get to just roll out of bed and go to their home office. According to Upwork, 63% of companies now have remote workers and almost 50% use freelancers. How does remote working affect productivity, collaboration, and organization of marketing teams and businesses? Today, my guest is Nathan Hirsch, FreeeUp.com founder and CEO. We talk about decisions and tactics to consider if your company wants to embrace a remote working environment. Short Version of Entrepreneurial Story: Broke college student to starting an Amazon business to owning a freelancer marketplace FreeeUp helps businesses grow by knowing when, who, and how to hire Managing and working within remote teams effectively Pros and Cons: Access to talent, overhead costs, flexibility Commitment to Communication: Nothing gets lost or misinterpreted Put plans and tools in place to avoid potential pitfalls FreeeUp’s Expectations for Freelancers: Skill, attitude, and communication Remote Culture: Separate office spaces, but on the same page Hiring always involves risk and reward; build trust and relationships Levels and Skill Sets: Basic (followers), Mid (doers), and High (experts) Links: FreeeUp Upwork Fiverr Skype Trello WhatsApp LastPass Write a review on iTunes and send a screenshot of it to receive cool swag! If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Nathan Hirsch: â€Å"I went back to remote, and I haven’t really turned back since. To me, that’s the direction we’re going, whether you like it or not.† â€Å"Now, if you are looking to hire, you get access to people all over the world. You just get so much flexibility as a business owner.† â€Å"It’s all about the communication. You have to have the best, strongest communication, if you want it to work.† â€Å"Building a remote culture is slightly harder. It requires that extra effort.†

Computer Forensics Assignment 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Computer Forensics Assignment 2 - Essay Example That demands setting up evidence storage container or lockers. Such lockers ensure security of evidence stored and restricted access by authorized staff. Locks installed should be of high quality and have limited possibilities of distribution of duplicate-keys. Evidence storages should be subject to regular inspections to ensure only current evidence are kept therein and closed cases’ evidence are relocated to secure locations in an off-site facility. The evidence container should be in a position restricted to authorized staff members and the number of people granted access should be minimum. Furthermore, only authorized staff members should inspect lock combinations. In case the investigations use intel-based PCs, computers are necessary. There is need to acquire the right Operating Systems (OS) and other applications. Computer forensics software package should form part of the software acquired (Nelson, Phillips & Steuart, 2009). Specialized software are similarly important. They include software such as Peachtree. Disk-editing software are also necessary for evidence analysis (Nelson, Phillips & Steuart, 2009). Computers may contain incriminating evidence including DNA but professional curiosity has a potential to destroy evidence. It is, therefore, imperative to properly document, collect and package the evidence from a crime scene. The U.S DOJ standards for seizing digital evidence are applicable (The Office of Legal Education, 2011). In the case of a drug dealer’s computer, the following process should be applicable. The investigator should seize the computer together with other peripherals found at the scene. Peripherals include cell phones, scanners and cameras. Printers CDs, DVDs and USB devices should also be seized. After that, the investigators should recognize information that can serve as evidence from the scene of crime. The next stage is to document the evidence

Discuss the economic and demographic arguments for and against new Essay

Discuss the economic and demographic arguments for and against new labour migration - Essay Example Population characteristics of UK and its economic implications UK is among the developed western continents. Majority of the people in UK are old aged as the lifespan is longer, but this reduces the population growth rate because the aged are not within the productive age brackets. Economically, these people are not strong enough to provide workforce needed in economic building (Borjas 2000; Kupiszewski, 2012). Additionally, due to their age, there is no possibility of young generation to replace them in the work environment (Lisiankova and Wright, 2005). This population structure poses a threat to both population structure and economic condition of the country. To address this condition, several procedures have been formulated. One of the measures includes encouraging labor immigration. Need for immigration Given the scenario of UK population challenges, analysts and economists would raise question to find out whether UK requires immigrants or there are other options that can be fol lowed. By understanding the need for immigrants, it will be easier to formulate appropriate policies to be used (Borjas 2000). Currently, UK migration is characterized by the two types, international and domestic migration. Labor immigration has great effects in the UK’s economy and population. ... This is to ensure the adverse effects of immigration are addressed now and in future (Borjas 2000; Great Britain, 2012). UK countries need to remain pro active in policy making in regard to immigration and future labor market situation. In economics, philosophers have concluded that through migration everybody benefits. The countries receiving employees benefit through reducing the labor shortage and produce low cost products. Countries, from which the people come from, reduce the rate of unemployment while the workers in the foreign land benefit. From the above theory, it can be noted that it is true, but these benefits are only in the short run; in long run, migration cost is huge. Countries getting foreign workers endanger their citizen job security. The native employees in firms may be fired to recruit cheap workers from foreign countries. This is so in nations with labor market which inflexible (Borjas 2000). It is therefore important to check on the flexibility of labor market before formulating policies that encourage immigration. Immigrants find themselves trading off their rights for wealth creation in other countries. The immigrants are exposed to high chances of being exploited in the foreign countries. Merits of Immigration Creation mobility of job - Immigration leads to establishment of new jobs because of economic growth and enhancement of job mobility. In 18th to 20th century, over one third of UK’s population growth, moved to other countries, but this was not sustained for long. In 21st century, largest increase in population is due to immigration. It is important for any country to control the movement of people across the borders. Migration has effects on both demographics and economic performance of a country. Demographics

Civil vs. Criminal trials Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Civil vs. Criminal trials - Research Paper Example Concern to the vulnerability to the child nonetheless great cannot confirm a conclusion without evidence. Thus facts must be proved in this court. The remedies for civil and family cases are damages which range from restrictions, financial compensation and injunctions (Resnik 76). Criminal court jurisdiction is heard in all state courts where the criminal acts by the defendant are heard. Such cases range from murder charges, robbery, rape and other forms of criminal actions. The standards and burden f proof must be proved beyond reasonable doubt that the defendant was involved in the act. Criminal proceedings can be heard by a jury, magistrates, judges appointed by the state. It must be noted that remedies for such proceedings range from jail term in prison, court fines to injunctions. The subject matter mostly dwells on the acts of crime which are considered by the state as detrimental to the people or the state. The legal burden of finding out the availability of these scenarios rests on the plaintiff’s application against the defendant. The common principle is that the plaintiff must prove beyond reasonable doubt. Notably there are exceptions where the plaintiff must find the existence of the entire preconditions including other facts that entitle h im or her to the court order (Segal and Harold 81). The Fifth Amendment in the United States Constitution is a section of bill of rights which safeguards individuals against the maltreatment of government authority in a legal process. The double jeopardy clause comprises of four exceptional prohibitions which include; subsequent prosecution upon conviction, subsequent prosecution upon acquittal, multiple punishments in a similar indictment and subsequent prosecution upon particular mistrials. In this case jeopardy inclines itself whenever the jury is empanelled in a trial by jury when the plea is consented unreservedly. O.J has been

Economical And Environmental Factors Affecting The Travel And Tourism Tourism Essay

Economical And Environmental Factors Affecting The Travel And Tourism Tourism Essay Review and plan-making is a continuous process, and stakeholders are consulted and involved that this needs to be reflected in the way. Constructive dialogues with key players in the tourism sector should develop by plan-making bodies, and build partnerships with those who have a role in delivery of tourism programmes and schemes. Tesco is currently one of the leading supermarket in the UK. With their even growing success with their business, they are planning to expand an organisation into new markets. They are specially interest to enter the travel and tourism industry. I am recruited by Tesco as a member of their marketing team. This is a report for the company which is drawn from the market research and demonstrated a clear understanding on the social, economical and environmental factors affecting the travel and tourism industry. UK have impressive diversity and variety. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland all of the countries have its own unique personality for things to do and place to see. From the rolling hills of the Cotswolds and bustling city, like of Manchester to the chearms of sleepy Cornish village and dramatic coastal, splendour of the north east. UK tourism industry is much popular and well organised. Lots of employee works in this industry. From all over the world tourist, visitors come to UK to see its beauty and attractions. Border and immigration law is easy for short stay tourist and traveller. UK have lots of place to expend money for enjoy and UK always welcome people to visit there country. Thomas cook, Thomson are the bigger tour operator in UK. They can arrange a whole package for tourist or individual what tourist want. Tour operator provide travel ticket, hotel booking, tour guide, transport, food etc. UK is rich in natural history, stunning scenery and award-winning historical sites with attractions for all age groups and interests. It is easy to fined a hotel or accommodation in the UK. Whatever a tourist destination or budget theres a limitless range of quality hotels, BBs and other accommodation to choose from. UK have over 37000 places to stay in their accommodation directory British largest hotel listing. UK compare all the leading airline for the best scheduled charter and low-cost flights to UK. Air is not only way onto this island however, UK have also got all the information on high-speed rail likes from Europe, as well as Ferry routes to and from various destinations. Whether tourists are travelling on foot , by car, bus, taxi or train, in fact whatever type of transport tourist are using UK transport and help tourist find their way easily from city to city, airport to station or restaurant to hotel, as well as providing tourist about essential information on hoe to use these services in UK. The tourism industry is an important sector of the UK economy. Over 25.5 million visitors come to the UK in 1999 and estimates suggest that tourism expenditure was around  £61 billion and total employment in tourism in tourism-related industries was nearly 1.8 million people. Tourism industry include employment in the following sectors: Hotel and other tourist accommodation, Restaurants and cafes ect Bars, public houses and night-clubs, Travel agencies and tour operators, Libraries, museums and other cultural activates, Sports and other recreation activity. Tourist can buy their product in several way like internet, telephone, email, fax ect. Tourism industries have their own website and they provide full package or individual product for customer. They put all detail about their product and easy to buy online. Tourist can call tourism industry about any specific product or services and pay over phone as well. Page-2 The association of British Travel Agent: The association of British Travel Agent(ABTA) is a non-party political organisation which represents the interests of its members to government and key opinion formers. In the UK these include Government ministers, Mps, members of the Opposition parties, select committees and senior civil servants. In Europe they have close ties with members of the European Parliament, the European commission, and staff within the directorate generals. As well as working to make sure that governments are sensitive to the needs of the travel industry, they work with other leading travel industry organisations and maintain strong links with representatives of the main travel destinations and with other travel principals and suppliers. Many of these belong to their travel industry partner scheme. ABTAs policies and views are actively promoted to international, national and tread media. English tourism council : Its prime role will be to provide strategic leadership to drive delivery of the national tourism strategy. It will have a parallel function as a centre of excellence supporting the industry in five key areas. Role of legislation : Anyone involved in the recruitment and selection of staff for the tourism industry should be aware of their responsibility under the relevant UK legislation which are; Direct discrimination Indirect discrimination Victimisation Gender reassignment Sexual orientation Health and safety Data protection act ect. In the UK several Acts of parliament lay down the responsibilities of the seller to the buyer. The customer protection legislations are as follows; The right to the seller to sell Description Selling by sample Satisfactory quality ect. The key environmental legislations are as follows; EU regulation on ozone depleting substances Waste electrical and electronic equipment regulation Waste electrical. Page-3 Recent developments in environmentalism and the role of environmental organisations Key historical development of travel and tourism: In the wider context, the sixteenth century Elizabeth mansion become a social and cultural centre, and early origin of visiting friends and relatives are easily identified in the period. From the seventeenth century, a form of tourism known as polite visiting emerges. Tourism based on social and cultural experience and education for young aristocrats became particularly prominent during the eighteenth century. Moreover the desire for people to travel continued to grow after the elapse of the grand tour and over the years major events took place within the evolution of tourism. The organisational structure of the industry: Tourism board of directors was established under the tourism Act 1979. The top level members are chairman, deputy chairman, managing director, chief executive, and directors. Working with senior management, the board of directors is responsible for tourism overall performance. It approves goals and directions, strategic plan and performance target. The board of directors ensures appropriate policies, procedures and systems are in place to optimise performance, maintain high standards of ethical behaviour and provide leadership to tourism industry. ABTA: ABTA members themselves form the policy-making and enforcement machinery of ABTA. The board of directors , council of regions, regional representatives and a number of committees and working groups are supported in their work by a professional secretariat of some 60 staff. The primary aims of the code of conduct are to ensure that the public receive the best possible service from members, and to maintain and enhance the reputation , good name and standard of ABTA and its members. Advertising in brochures is dealt with by ABTAs Standards on Brochures Booking Conditions which contain the minimum levels of information that travel agent should include to ensure that their clients can confidently choose the travel arrangements that are right for them. Transport: Airport in airport ownership in UK the British airports authority (BAA) is the major organisation. BAA leading London Heathrow, Gatwick, Standsted, Glasgow, Edinburgh, Aberdeen, south Hampton. Also has management contract stakes in the other airport outside the UK, plus retail management contract at two airport in the USA. Airline British airline is one of the most famous and largest airline and 2nd largest airline in the world. It have four different type of cabin service ranging from economy to club world. Also there have lots of low cost airline which fly international rote. Like Ryan air , easy jet etc. Page-4 Ferry travel it is very traditional transport. From Dover in UK to France ferry travel is most popular. Before English channel every one thought that ferry will loss 50% of passenger but it was not happened. As a low cost transport ferry in famous in the world. The cruise market it is one of the most famous travel in the world for enjoyment. Most of the oldest tourist interest to travel in cruise. But now a days youth and couples have lots of fun and enjoyment in cruise. Road travel in UK travel by car is most popular for day travel or domestic holiday. The hire car is growth as well. people chose car when they are in abroad. Rail travel national rail own and operate the national rail network in UK. Rail is very relax journey for traveller and rail goes international rote as well like Euro star, Euro rail etc. Tourism services: Tour operator Tour operator put the role together from different part and make a holiday and sell them as packages to the customer. They contract with hotels, airlines and other transport companies for make a package tougher. There are three type of tour operator which are: Outbound, Inbound, and Domestic tour. Travel agent Travel agent giving advice or information and sell and administer booking for a number of tour operator. They also sell flights, ferry ticket booking, car hire, insurance, accommodation as separate product. Thus they are distribute of products. Attraction Attraction appeal to the domestic tourism market and inbound tourism market. Attraction has two types natural and manmade. Natural like forest, beaches, lakes, land scape, hills etc. Man made attractions are super structure, national park, museum, zoo, gallery etc. Accommodation There are many type of accommodation available in travel and tourism industry like Hotel Guest accommodation Holiday Park and campsites Self catering Youth hostel Campus Key environmental organisation: EIB:- The EIBs activity in the environmental field is extensive with staff involvement to match, in particular operational staff working on the environmental assessment of project. Environmental protection and improvement are among the EIBs key leading objectives. The EIBs environmental work is therefore increasingly varied and complex. ABP:- ABP works closely regularly with ABP marine environmental research (ABPmer), a subsidiary consultancy company with over 50 years experience of providing specialist consultancy services on coastal, estuarine and riverine developments and conservation project. Page-5 The demand and provision for tourism New development in transport and access and effect on travel and tourism in various way. World is become change. New technology coming in market and customer demand is become rise as well. In travel and tourism tourist want more relax and easy product. In transport there have a lots of change like travel by train in Europe is more quicker then before. As an example before London to Paris by train was 4 hour journey now it is 2.30 hour . Tourist want something more to see or always want something new. There have lots of new destination and tourist attraction built in Europe and America. For example Barcelona, Montserrat, the Costa Brava, Lake Garda, Venice Verona, Krakow etc. Harry porter theme park on course to open in Florida, Italy to open up renaissance canals. Tourist want their tour easy. So when they want to go for tour, they can make their decision in short time an booking there ticket for air or hotel on spot. Japan use their oyster in their mobile phone. So they do not use card. They touch their mobile as a oyster. Mobile broadband is avail able in all over the world. Mass tourism could only have developed with the improvements in technology, allowing the transport of large numbers of people in a short space of time to places of leisure interest , so that greater numbers of people could being to enjoy the benefits of leisure time. World change rapidly and new technology change our life everyday. People always want something new and easy. On the other hand credit crunch quickly change tourism industry. Tourist who normally book 5 star hotel they interested to book 3 star hotel in this situation. Tourist tried to use public bus and travel in cheaper flight in the term of credit crunch. On the other hand people expectation become change. Tourist now want to travel in short time to get more time to visit other place. They want their all expectation in same place. In UK some of the shopping complex established for tourist attraction, where tourist can buy all their need in same place. Not only in shopping also in artificial sea beach, where tourist can get natural felling in all the year. Different age of people travel for different reason or for specie reason people can travel. Young age people mostly travel for adventure or activity like game or special event. Some of them travel for visiting their friend and relatives. But this type of travel tourist also try to fined attraction. Study tour is another popular tourism. Student mostly travel for specie place or attraction which is related with their study and can learn something from this travel. Religion reason is also a travel, like and example Muslim community travel in Saudi Arabia in a specie day to celebrate their hajj. From all over the world lots of Muslims come every year. Same as Hindu religion. India is bigger Hindu community in the world. So from all over the world people who are Hindu goes to India to celebrate their ceremony. SPA tourism is popular for those tourist who have some problem in health. Also people travel for treatment in different country. At the end of treatment people visit some of the pl ace as a tourist. Page-6 The role of government and the political and economical environment Political Environment in International Business: Political environment has a very important impact on every business or organisation where they operation, no matter what its size or its area of operation. Whether the company is in local area, regional area or national, large or small, political factors of the country will have an impact on it. And the most crucial and unavoidable realities of international business are that both host and home governments are integral partners. Show something in its policies and attitudes about business are a governments idea of how best to promote the national interest, political philosophy and considering its own resources. Encouraging and offering support or by discouraging and banning or restricting its activities depending on the government controls and restricts a companys. . The term political structure, used in a general sense, refers to # or groups and their relations to each other, their patterns of interaction within # and to political #, # and the norms present in political systems in such a way that they constitute the political landscape of the political entity. A situation in which conditions and mechanisms of governance and rule are challenged as to their political legitimacy by elements operating from outside of the normal operations of the political system. When challenge occurs from within a political system and the system is able to adapt and change to meet demands on it, it can be said to be stable. Even then, however, the challenge of governance and rule from outside the political system is often associated with events of violence. Political instability will therefore Normally go hand in hand with political violence. In the following, we will use the two terms interchangeably. It is also clear, however, that authoritarian countries can be stable but also relatively free of events of violence if they do not need to resort to violence to uphold their authoritarian rule and dissuade opposition groups from undertaking Violent acts on their part. We will test the hypothesis that autocracy, as such, does not have negative impacts on tourism. The is an combining of various economic factors, such as total productivity, employment, inflation, income, and interest rates. These factors influence the spending design of individuals and firms. Microeconomic environment: It includes the economic environment of a particular firm, industry or household and is primarily concerned with price determination of individual factors. The efficient allocation of resources is the main consideration from a microeconomic perspective. This is necessary to maximize total output. Page-7 Macroeconomic environment: It includes all the in totality. The determination of the employment in the levels of income and the economy is the main consideration here. Interest rates: Interest rates determine the cost and the flow of money of borrowing towards businesses. Exchange rates: This impacts from the profits made by employment levels, exporters and the price of imports. Income and wealth: Income in an economy is measured by GDP, GNP and per capita. In these factors a progressive economic environment shown by high values. Inflation and deflation: Inflationary and deflationary pressures alter the purchasing power of this which has a direct impact on employment rates, consumer spending, tax policies, business investment, and government programs . Productivity: This is the output generated from a given amount of inputs. High levels of productivity support by the economic environment . Page-8 The trends in tourism Political stability and instability: political stability and political relations influences the image of destinations in tourism- generating regions. Example of political strife that cause problematic concerns in the attraction of visitors are warfare, coups, political sticks or protests. Political instability is described as a condition of country where a government has been toppled or is controlled by factions following a coup or where basic functional per-requisites for social order control and maintenance are unstable and periodically disrupted. Economical change: economical change influence tourism in many way. Recent credit crunch is a economical change in the world where country like USA, UK mostly affected. People loose their job, lots of company close there operation for money. People have no extra money for tourism. So this economical change reduce tourist. On the other hand tourism industries reduce their price for overcome the economical change. Customer need and expectation: tourist change their need and expectation every time. They always want something new and high slandered so tourism industry going to follow customer demand. Product life cycle: tourism life cycle have 4 method of life cycle like introductory, growth, maturity and decline. In summer tourism industry do lots of activity for tourist. But when summer is going to end tourist have no interest about the activities. And at the end of summer tourism industry stop to do those activity and ready for winter. This life cycle for summer and winter rolling in tourism industry. Environmental issue: The environmental effects, widely defined, include cultural and social elements, and are probably the biggest problem of tourism. Environmental impact of tourism is most visible in tourist destinations. But effects are also visible at points of origin and transit. For example, the output of aircrafts, ferries, buses, cars equipment and promotional material consumes productive and energy resources and generates waste in origin areas while travel creates pollution in the atmosphere and adversely effects the environment of areas traversed. Globalisation: Globalization has increased the interdependence between countries, economies and people. It does not involve only giant corporations, but also small and medium sized businesses together with family-run firms. This process has led to the creation and operation of global tourism market where destinations, which are expected to compete on equal basis regardless of the country of origin, function interactively. Globalization has opened a whole new world of development opportunities. Education and training : people are more educated. So in tourism staff need trained and educated to understand tourist and communicate with them. Tourist want high standard and quality product and trained and skill customer care in their tour. So tourism industry aware of it and trained their staff about product and services. Tourism is a big industry. Every year number of tourist are increase in average 5%. There are different type of tourist like some of the tourist stay for few week, some of the tourist stay for more then a month or day travel tourist. All of the tourist have same target to travel and fined a new place for enjoy and know something new. Some Page-9 of the tourist come in seasonal. Summer is best time for tourism. Specially in Europe and American tourist like summer tour. But some of the country have some special day where tourist go specially for that day or time. Tourist want always new destination to visit. So tourism industry always fined new destination for tourist. Tourist want everything in same place and make easy their tour. Ecotourism is most poplar tourism for tourist to get everything in same place and enjoy for a short time. Page-10 The role of planning theories, practices and legislation in sustainable tourism and planning strategy In all forms of tourism have crucial importance to the economic, environmental and social well-being of the whole country. The vital role of planning system has to play in terms of facilitating the improvement and development of tourism in appropriate locations. Planners understand the importance of tourism need to ensure by tourism industry and take this fully into account when taking planning decisions and preparing development plans. Also ensure that those involved in the tourism industry understand the principles of national planning policy as they apply to tourism and how these can be applied when preparing individual planning applications. The tourism industry work and the planners together effectively to deliver, facilitate and promote new tourism developments in a sustainable way. Tourism have crucial importance in UK. It provides millions of jobs, generates significant revenues, , supports communities and helps to improve and maintain important national assets. A vital compo nent of tourism is the make-up of the national economy. It contributes  £74 billion to GDP1. It is the UKs third largest foreign exchange earner after vehicles and oil, of total exports tourism accounts for over 4%. It contributes an estimated  £11.8 billion to the national exchequer in terms of the tax paid by tourists on services and goods.2.2 million people employs by the industry 7.7% of the UK workforce. Tourism jobs are located outside London almost 80% and in 150,000 small and medium-sized enterprises most tourism employment is located. Having established the make into whole link between the environment and tourism, tourism and area development planning models are applicable to environmental conservation and protection planning as well as briefly reviewed. Parallels are drawn between the two planning approaches especially in relation to social special components. It is then provide evidence for something that the future of environment of tourism planning is based on environmental conservation, tourist views, the incorporation of community and the recognition of functional differentiation. It is insist on right that the planning of national areas for tourism should being from an environmental base and work forwards towards the identification of tourism opportunities and include the view of community groups and tourists. Tourism is an important industry in all over the world. Its future development will be secured by tourism developers who engaging with the planning process and that importance those who operating the planning system recognising. The simple idea of ensuring a better quality is the heart of sustainable development which is life for everyone, now and for future generations. To help to make new development more sustainable the planning process provides the opportunity, both through the preparation of development plans and when decisions are taken on specific schemes. The outcomes should be developments which provide accessible development, safe and well-designed, and create new opportunities that will improve the regeneration of communities and the well being of individuals. The result in more efficient use of land and bring forward sufficient land to meet a wide range of expected needs. Provide a supportive framework for successful business and economic growth. Create viable, vibrant an d vital town centres. Reduce the need to travel protect and enhance the natural and safeguard natural resources and built environment . Page-11 Conclusion This report offers practical advice to ensure that planners understand the importance of tourism and take this fully into account when taking planning decisions about tourism and preparing development plans. It also aims to help Tesco in the tourism industry to understand about the principles of national planning policy which they can apply in tourism. This report discuses how planners and the tourism industry should work together to promote, deliver and facilitate new tourism development in a sustainable way. Page-12